As organizational data volumes and complexity continue to expand, so make the demands on organizations for the people, processes, and technology they require for making sense of and gleaning insights from their data resources. In addition to these, there are several common data science tools.
Python
Python is the most popular programming language for data science and machine learning and is one of the most extensively used languages.
The site also claims that Python’s concise syntax makes it easy to learn and that its emphasis on readability minimizes the cost of maintaining programs. Data analysis, data visualization, artificial intelligence, natural language processing, and robotic process automation are just some of the language’s tasks. Python developers can construct applications for the web, mobile, and desktop. For example, it can be used for object-oriented programming and other types of programming.
The Jupyter Notebook
Open-source web application Jupyter Notebook enables data scientists, data engineers, mathematicians, researchers, and other users to collaborate in real-time. For those who want to write and change code and share it with others in a collaborative environment, this is the tool for you! Jupyter notebooks are a single document that can be shared with and changed by peers, including software code, computations, comments, data visualizations, and multimedia representations of computation results. According to Jupyter Notebook’s datasheet, the notebooks “may serve as a complete computational record” for data science teams. The notebook documents can be backed up and reverted to earlier versions using JSON files. For those who don’t have Jupyter installed on their computers, a Notebook Viewer service renders them into static web pages that may be seen by those who do.
Apache Spark
Supporters of Apache Spark claim that it can process and analyze petabyte-sized datasets in an open-source platform. Since its inception in 2009, Spark has become one of the largest open-source communities among big data technologies because of its capacity to analyze data swiftly. Since it is so fast, Spark is ideal for applications that require near-real-time data processing. However, being a general-purpose distributed processing engine, Spark is well-suited for extract, transform, and load (ETL) uses and other SQL batch operations. Spark was first billed as a speedier alternative to MapReduce for batch processing in Hadoop clusters.
D3.js
With D3.js, a JavaScript framework for web data visualization, you can create unique data visualizations. D3, which stands for Data-Driven Documents, leverages web standards like HTML, Scalable Vector Graphics, and CSS instead of its visual vocabulary. According to D3, it is a dynamic and versatile tool requiring minimal effort to build visual representations of data. It is possible to use the DOM manipulation techniques of D3.js to apply data-driven alterations to pages using the DOM binding capabilities provided by D3. It was first launched in 2011 and may be used to create several data visualizations, including interactive, animated, annotated, and quantitative analysis. As a result, D3 is a difficult tool to master. The lack of JavaScript expertise among many data scientists is also a problem. D3 may be used more by data visualization developers and professionals who are also members of data science teams, as Tableau is a more commercially available product.
TensorFlow
TensorFlow is an open-source machine learning platform built by Google that is particularly popular for developing deep learning neural networks. Developers specify an array of computations. It flows through the platform in the form of tensors, similar to NumPy multidimensional arrays in how they are processed. In addition, it has an eager execution programming environment that allows for additional freedom in research and debugging of machine learning models by running operations without graphs. When TensorFlow became open source in 2015, Release 1.0.0 was released. TensorFlow is a Python-based framework that combines the Keras API for constructing and training models. Instead, a TensorFlow.js library can construct models in JavaScript, while specific operations can be written in C++.
Keras
Programming interface Keras allows data scientists to use the TensorFlow machine learning platform more quickly and simply than they would otherwise be able to. A deep-learning API and framework developed in Python works on top of TensorFlow and is now integrated into that platform. There was previously no restriction on Keras’s back end. However, it will be limited to TensorFlow from June 2020 forward. Keras has been developed as a high-level API that does not require as much coding as other deep learning methods to facilitate rapid experimentation. “High iteration velocity” is a term used in the Keras documentation to describe the creation of machine learning models, particularly deep learning neural networks, to speed up their implementation.
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